PlantUML Language specification Sequence Diagram

       

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Sequenzdiagramm

• Text rein, Diagramm raus. Der Quelltext ist die einzige Wahrheitsquelle: Was Sie lesen, wird genau so gerendert.
• Einfach zu bearbeiten. Eine Zeile Text anpassen statt Kästchen verschieben.
• Schnelle Iteration. Live-Vorschau-Tools rendern beim Tippen, sodass Fehler früh auffallen.

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Grundlagen

@startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response Alice -> Bob: Another authentication Request Alice <-- Bob: another authentication Response @enduml

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Deklaration eines Teilnehmers

• actor
• boundary
• control
• entity
• database
• collections

@startuml actor Foo1 boundary Foo2 control Foo3 entity Foo4 database Foo5 collections Foo6 Foo1 -> Foo2 : To boundary Foo1 -> Foo3 : To control Foo1 -> Foo4 : To entity Foo1 -> Foo5 : To database Foo1 -> Foo6 : To collections @enduml

@startuml actor Bob #red ' The only difference between actor 'and participant is the drawing participant Alice participant "I have a really\nlong name" as L #99FF99 /' You can also declare: participant L as "I have a really\nlong name" #99FF99 '/ Alice->Bob: Authentication Request Bob->Alice: Authentication Response Bob->L: Log transaction @enduml

@startuml participant Last order 30 participant Middle order 20 participant First order 10 @enduml

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Deklaration eines Teilnehmers mit mehreren Zeilen

@startuml participant Participant [ =Title ---- ""SubTitle"" ] participant Bob Participant -> Bob @enduml

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Verwendung von nicht-alphanumerischen Zeichen

@startuml Alice -> "Bob()" : Hello "Bob()" -> "This is very\nlong" as Long ' You can also declare: ' "Bob()" -> Long as "This is very\nlong" Long --> "Bob()" : ok @enduml

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Nachrichten an sich selbst

@startuml Alice->Alice: This is a signal to self.\nIt also demonstrates\nmultiline \ntext @enduml

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Text alignment

@startuml skinparam sequenceMessageAlign right Bob -> Alice : Request Alice -> Bob : Response @enduml

Text of response message below the arrow

@startuml skinparam responseMessageBelowArrow true Bob -> Alice : hello Bob <- Alice : ok @enduml

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Change Actor style

• an awesome man with the skinparam actorStyle awesome command;
• a hollow man with the skinparam actorStyle hollow command.

Stick man (by default)

@startuml actor Alice actor Bob Alice -> Bob : hello hide footbox @enduml

Awesome man

@startuml skinparam actorStyle awesome actor Alice actor Bob Alice -> Bob : hello hide footbox @enduml

Hollow man

@startuml skinparam actorStyle Hollow actor Alice actor Bob Alice -> Bob : hello hide footbox @enduml

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Ändern der Pfeilart

• Für eine verloren gegangene Nachricht hängen Sie am Ende des Pfeils ein x an.
• Verwendung von \ oder / anstelle von < oder >, um nur den unteren oder oberen Teil des Pfeils zu zeichnen.
• Verwendung von >> oder //, um eine nicht ausgefüllte Pfeilspitze zu zeichnen.
• Verwendung von -- anstelle von -, um eine gestrichelte Linie zu zeichnen.
• Fügen Sie ein "o" am Ende des Pfeil an
• benutzen Sie zweiseitige Pfeile <->

@startuml Bob ->x Alice Bob -> Alice Bob ->> Alice Bob -\ Alice Bob \\- Alice Bob //-- Alice Bob ->o Alice Bob o\\-- Alice Bob <-> Alice Bob <->o Alice @enduml

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Ändern der Pfeil Farbe

@startuml Bob -[#red]> Alice : hello Alice -[#0000FF]->Bob : ok @enduml

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Nummerierung der Nachrichtenreihenfolge

@startuml autonumber Bob -> Alice : Authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Authentication Response @enduml

@startuml autonumber Bob -> Alice : Authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Authentication Response autonumber 15 Bob -> Alice : Another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Another authentication Response autonumber 40 10 Bob -> Alice : Yet another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Yet another authentication Response @enduml

@startuml autonumber "<b>[000]" Bob -> Alice : Authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Authentication Response autonumber 15 "<b>(<u>##</u>)" Bob -> Alice : Another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Another authentication Response autonumber 40 10 "<font color=red><b>Message 0 " Bob -> Alice : Yet another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Yet another authentication Response @enduml

@startuml autonumber 10 10 "<b>[000]" Bob -> Alice : Authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Authentication Response autonumber stop Bob -> Alice : dummy autonumber resume "<font color=red><b>Message 0 " Bob -> Alice : Yet another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Yet another authentication Response autonumber stop Bob -> Alice : dummy autonumber resume 1 "<font color=blue><b>Message 0 " Bob -> Alice : Yet another authentication Request Bob <- Alice : Yet another authentication Response @enduml

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Seiten Titel, Kopf und Fuß

@startuml header Page Header footer Page %page% of %lastpage% title Example Title Alice -> Bob : message 1 Alice -> Bob : message 2 @enduml

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Aufteilung von Diagrammen

@startuml Alice -> Bob : message 1 Alice -> Bob : message 2 newpage Alice -> Bob : message 3 Alice -> Bob : message 4 newpage A title for the\nlast page Alice -> Bob : message 5 Alice -> Bob : message 6 @enduml

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Gruppierung von Nachrichten

• alt/else
• opt
• loop
• par
• break
• critical
• group, gefolgt von einem anzuzeigenden Text

@startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request alt successful case Bob -> Alice: Authentication Accepted else some kind of failure Bob -> Alice: Authentication Failure group My own label Alice -> Log : Log attack start loop 1000 times Alice -> Bob: DNS Attack end Alice -> Log : Log attack end end else Another type of failure Bob -> Alice: Please repeat end @enduml

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Zweites Label für group

@startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob -> Alice: Authentication Failure group My own label [My own label 2] Alice -> Log : Log attack start loop 1000 times Alice -> Bob: DNS Attack end Alice -> Log : Log attack end end @enduml

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Partition across the entire width

Messages are not grouped horizontally across the entire width (by default)

@startuml participant a partition p1 b -> c: msg c --> b: OK note right: Some right note end partition p2 a -> b: msg note left: Some left note end @enduml

Grouping messages horizontally across the entire width (with teoz mode)

@startuml !pragma teoz true participant a partition p1 b -> c: msg c --> b: OK note right: Some right note end partition p2 a -> b: msg note left: Some left note end @enduml

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Notizen

@startuml Alice->Bob : hello note left: this is a first note Bob->Alice : ok note right: this is another note Bob->Bob : I am thinking note left a note can also be defined on several lines end note @enduml

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Weitere Möglichkeiten für Notizen

@startuml participant Alice participant Bob note left of Alice #aqua This is displayed left of Alice. end note note right of Alice: This is displayed right of Alice. note over Alice: This is displayed over Alice. note over Alice, Bob #FFAAAA: This is displayed\n over Bob and Alice. note over Bob, Alice This is yet another example of a long note. end note @enduml

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Ändern der Form von Notizen

@startuml caller -> server : conReq hnote over caller : idle caller <- server : conConf rnote over server "r" as rectangle "h" as hexagon endrnote @enduml

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Note over all participants [across]

• note across: note_description

@startuml Alice->Bob:m1 Bob->Charlie:m2 note over Alice, Charlie: Old method for note over all part. with:\n ""note over //FirstPart, LastPart//"". note across: New method with:\n""note across"" Bob->Alice hnote across:Note across all part. @enduml

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Several notes aligned at the same level [/]

• without / (by default, the notes are not aligned)

@startuml note over Alice : initial state of Alice note over Bob : initial state of Bob Bob -> Alice : hello @enduml

• with / (the notes are aligned)

@startuml note over Alice : initial state of Alice / note over Bob : initial state of Bob Bob -> Alice : hello @enduml

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Creole und HTML

@startuml participant Alice participant "The **Famous** Bob" as Bob Alice -> Bob : hello --there-- ... Some ~~long delay~~ ... Bob -> Alice : ok note left This is **bold** This is //italics// This is ""monospaced"" This is --stroked-- This is __underlined__ This is ~~waved~~ end note Alice -> Bob : A //well formatted// message note right of Alice This is <back:cadetblue><size:18>displayed</size></back> __left of__ Alice. end note note left of Bob <u:red>This</u> is <color #118888>displayed</color> **<color purple>left of</color> <s:red>Alice</strike> Bob**. end note note over Alice, Bob <w:#FF33FF>This is hosted</w> by <img sourceforge.jpg> end note @enduml

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Diagramme aufteilen

@startuml == Initialization == Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response == Repetition == Alice -> Bob: Another authentication Request Alice <-- Bob: another authentication Response @enduml

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Referenz

@startuml participant Alice actor Bob ref over Alice, Bob : init Alice -> Bob : hello ref over Bob This can be on several lines end ref @enduml

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Verzögerungen

@startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request ... Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response ...5 minutes later... Bob --> Alice: Bye ! @enduml

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Text wrapping

@startuml skinparam maxMessageSize 50 participant a participant b a -> b :this\nis\nmanually\ndone a -> b :this is a very long message on several words @enduml

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Message text spans beyond the involved participants

Without sequenceMessageSpan (by default)

@startuml ParticipantNumber1 -> ParticipantNumber2 : this is a very long message that is very long ParticipantNumber1 -> ParticipantNumber1 : this is a very long message that is very long ParticipantNumber2 -> ParticipantNumber3 : foo2 @enduml

With sequenceMessageSpan (on teoz mode)

@startuml !pragma teoz true !pragma sequenceMessageSpan true ParticipantNumber1 -> ParticipantNumber2 : this is a very long message that is very long ParticipantNumber1 -> ParticipantNumber1 : this is a very long message that is very long ParticipantNumber2 -> ParticipantNumber3 : foo2 @enduml

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Abstände

@startuml Alice -> Bob: message 1 Bob --> Alice: ok ||| Alice -> Bob: message 2 Bob --> Alice: ok ||45|| Alice -> Bob: message 3 Bob --> Alice: ok @enduml

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Aktivierung und Deaktivierung der Lebenslinie

@startuml participant User User -> A: DoWork activate A A -> B: << createRequest >> activate B B -> C: DoWork activate C C --> B: WorkDone destroy C B --> A: RequestCreated deactivate B A -> User: Done deactivate A @enduml

@startuml participant User User -> A: DoWork activate A #FFBBBB A -> A: Internal call activate A #DarkSalmon A -> B: << createRequest >> activate B B --> A: RequestCreated deactivate B deactivate A A -> User: Done deactivate A @enduml

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Return

@startuml Bob -> Alice : hello activate Alice Alice -> Alice : some action return bye @enduml

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Erstellung von Teilnehmern

@startuml Bob -> Alice : hello create Other Alice -> Other : new create control String Alice -> String note right : You can also put notes! Alice --> Bob : ok @enduml

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Shortcut syntax for activation, deactivation, creation

• ++ Activate the target (optionally a #color may follow this)
• -- Deactivate the source
• ** Create an instance of the target
• !! Destroy an instance of the target

@startuml alice -> bob ++ : hello bob -> bob ++ : self call bob -> bib ++ #005500 : hello bob -> george ** : create return done return rc bob -> george !! : delete return success @enduml

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Eingehende und ausgehende Nachrichten

@startuml [-> A: DoWork activate A A -> A: Internal call activate A A ->] : << createRequest >> A<--] : RequestCreated deactivate A [<- A: Done deactivate A @enduml

@startuml [-> Bob [o-> Bob [o->o Bob [x-> Bob [<- Bob [x<- Bob Bob ->] Bob ->o] Bob o->o] Bob ->x] Bob <-] Bob x<-] @enduml

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Kurze Pfeile für eingehende und ausgehende Nachrichten

@startuml ?-> Alice : ""?->""\n**short** to actor1 [-> Alice : ""[->""\n**from start** to actor1 [-> Bob : ""[->""\n**from start** to actor2 ?-> Bob : ""?->""\n**short** to actor2 Alice ->] : ""->]""\nfrom actor1 **to end** Alice ->? : ""->?""\n**short** from actor1 Alice -> Bob : ""->"" \nfrom actor1 to actor2 @enduml

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Anchors and Duration

@startuml !pragma teoz true {start} Alice -> Bob : start doing things during duration Bob -> Max : something Max -> Bob : something else {end} Bob -> Alice : finish {start} <-> {end} : some time @enduml

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Stereotypen

@startuml participant "Famous Bob" as Bob << Generated >> participant Alice << (C,#ADD1B2) Testable >> Bob->Alice: First message @enduml

@startuml skinparam guillemet false participant "Famous Bob" as Bob << Generated >> participant Alice << (C,#ADD1B2) Testable >> Bob->Alice: First message @enduml

@startuml participant Bob << (C,#ADD1B2) >> participant Alice << (C,#ADD1B2) >> Bob->Alice: First message @enduml

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Position of the stereotypes

Top postion (by default)

@startuml skinparam stereotypePosition top participant A<<st1>> participant B<<st2>> A --> B : stereo test @enduml

Bottom postion

@startuml skinparam stereotypePosition bottom participant A<<st1>> participant B<<st2>> A --> B : stereo test @enduml

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Mehr Information zu Überschriften

@startuml title __Simple__ **communication** example Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob -> Alice: Authentication Response @enduml

@startuml title __Simple__ communication example\non several lines Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob -> Alice: Authentication Response @enduml

@startuml title <u>Simple</u> communication example on <i>several</i> lines and using <font color=red>html</font> This is hosted by <img:sourceforge.jpg> end title Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob -> Alice: Authentication Response @enduml

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Anpassungen bei den Teilnehmern

@startuml box "Internal Service" #LightBlue participant Bob participant Alice end box participant Other Bob -> Alice : hello Alice -> Other : hello @enduml

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Fußzeile entfernen

@startuml hide footbox title Footer removed Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response @enduml

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Der Skinparam Befehl

• Wie alle ander Befehle In einer Diagrammdefinition,
• in einer Include-Datei,
• In einer Konfigurationsdatei, die durch die Kommandozeile oder den ANT-Task übergeben wird.

@startuml skinparam sequenceArrowThickness 2 skinparam roundcorner 20 skinparam maxmessagesize 60 skinparam sequenceParticipant underline actor User participant "First Class" as A participant "Second Class" as B participant "Last Class" as C User -> A: DoWork activate A A -> B: Create Request activate B B -> C: DoWork activate C C --> B: WorkDone destroy C B --> A: Request Created deactivate B A --> User: Done deactivate A @enduml

@startuml skinparam backgroundColor #EEEBDC skinparam handwritten true skinparam sequence { ArrowColor DeepSkyBlue ActorBorderColor DeepSkyBlue LifeLineBorderColor blue LifeLineBackgroundColor #A9DCDF ParticipantBorderColor DeepSkyBlue ParticipantBackgroundColor DodgerBlue ParticipantFontName Impact ParticipantFontSize 17 ParticipantFontColor #A9DCDF ActorBackgroundColor aqua ActorFontColor DeepSkyBlue ActorFontSize 17 ActorFontName Aapex } actor User participant "First Class" as A participant "Second Class" as B participant "Last Class" as C User -> A: DoWork activate A A -> B: Create Request activate B B -> C: DoWork activate C C --> B: WorkDone destroy C B --> A: Request Created deactivate B A --> User: Done deactivate A @enduml

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Anpassung von Abstandswerten

@startuml skinparam ParticipantPadding 20 skinparam BoxPadding 10 box "Foo1" participant Alice1 participant Alice2 end box box "Foo2" participant Bob1 participant Bob2 end box Alice1 -> Bob1 : hello Alice1 -> Out : out @enduml

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Appendix: Examples of all arrow type

Normal arrow

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b a -> b : ""-> "" a ->> b : ""->> "" a -\ b : ""-\ "" a -\\ b : ""-\\\\"" a -/ b : ""-/ "" a -// b : ""-// "" a ->x b : ""->x "" a x-> b : ""x-> "" a o-> b : ""o-> "" a ->o b : ""->o "" a o->o b : ""o->o "" a <-> b : ""<-> "" a o<->o b : ""o<->o"" a x<->x b : ""x<->x"" a ->>o b : ""->>o "" a -\o b : ""-\o "" a -\\o b : ""-\\\\o"" a -/o b : ""-/o "" a -//o b : ""-//o "" a x->o b : ""x->o "" @enduml

Itself arrow

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b a -> a : ""-> "" a ->> a : ""->> "" a -\ a : ""-\ "" a -\\ a : ""-\\\\"" a -/ a : ""-/ "" a -// a : ""-// "" a ->x a : ""->x "" a x-> a : ""x-> "" a o-> a : ""o-> "" a ->o a : ""->o "" a o->o a : ""o->o "" a <-> a : ""<-> "" a o<->o a : ""o<->o"" a x<->x a : ""x<->x"" a ->>o a : ""->>o "" a -\o a : ""-\o "" a -\\o a : ""-\\\\o"" a -/o a : ""-/o "" a -//o a : ""-//o "" a x->o a : ""x->o "" @enduml

Incoming and outgoing messages (with '[', ']')

Incoming messages (with '[')

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b [-> b : ""[-> "" [->> b : ""[->> "" [-\ b : ""[-\ "" [-\\ b : ""[-\\\\"" [-/ b : ""[-/ "" [-// b : ""[-// "" [->x b : ""[->x "" [x-> b : ""[x-> "" [o-> b : ""[o-> "" [->o b : ""[->o "" [o->o b : ""[o->o "" [<-> b : ""[<-> "" [o<->o b : ""[o<->o"" [x<->x b : ""[x<->x"" [->>o b : ""[->>o "" [-\o b : ""[-\o "" [-\\o b : ""[-\\\\o"" [-/o b : ""[-/o "" [-//o b : ""[-//o "" [x->o b : ""[x->o "" @enduml

Outgoing messages (with ']')

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b a ->] : ""->] "" a ->>] : ""->>] "" a -\] : ""-\] "" a -\\] : ""-\\\\]"" a -/] : ""-/] "" a -//] : ""-//] "" a ->x] : ""->x] "" a x->] : ""x->] "" a o->] : ""o->] "" a ->o] : ""->o] "" a o->o] : ""o->o] "" a <->] : ""<->] "" a o<->o] : ""o<->o]"" a x<->x] : ""x<->x]"" a ->>o] : ""->>o] "" a -\o] : ""-\o] "" a -\\o] : ""-\\\\o]"" a -/o] : ""-/o] "" a -//o] : ""-//o] "" a x->o] : ""x->o] "" @enduml

Short incoming and outgoing messages (with '?')

Short incoming (with '?')

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b a -> b : //Long long label// ?-> b : ""?-> "" ?->> b : ""?->> "" ?-\ b : ""?-\ "" ?-\\ b : ""?-\\\\"" ?-/ b : ""?-/ "" ?-// b : ""?-// "" ?->x b : ""?->x "" ?x-> b : ""?x-> "" ?o-> b : ""?o-> "" ?->o b : ""?->o "" ?o->o b : ""?o->o "" ?<-> b : ""?<-> "" ?o<->o b : ""?o<->o"" ?x<->x b : ""?x<->x"" ?->>o b : ""?->>o "" ?-\o b : ""?-\o "" ?-\\o b : ""?-\\\\o "" ?-/o b : ""?-/o "" ?-//o b : ""?-//o "" ?x->o b : ""?x->o "" @enduml

Short outgoing (with '?')

@startuml participant Alice as a participant Bob as b a -> b : //Long long label// a ->? : ""->? "" a ->>? : ""->>? "" a -\? : ""-\? "" a -\\? : ""-\\\\?"" a -/? : ""-/? "" a -//? : ""-//? "" a ->x? : ""->x? "" a x->? : ""x->? "" a o->? : ""o->? "" a ->o? : ""->o? "" a o->o? : ""o->o? "" a <->? : ""<->? "" a o<->o? : ""o<->o?"" a x<->x? : ""x<->x?"" a ->>o? : ""->>o? "" a -\o? : ""-\o? "" a -\\o? : ""-\\\\o?"" a -/o? : ""-/o? "" a -//o? : ""-//o? "" a x->o? : ""x->o? "" @enduml

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Specific SkinParameter

By default

@startuml Bob -> Alice : hello ... Alice -> Bob : ok @enduml

Style strictuml

• skinparam style strictuml

@startuml skinparam style strictuml Bob -> Alice : hello ... Alice -> Bob : ok @enduml

LifelineStrategy

• nosolid/solid

@startuml <style> lifeLine { LineStyle 0 } delay { LineStyle 1-4 } </style> Bob -> Alice : hello ... Alice -> Bob : ok @enduml

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Hide unlinked participant

@startuml participant Alice participant Bob participant Carol Alice -> Bob : hello @enduml

@startuml hide unlinked participant Alice participant Bob participant Carol Alice -> Bob : hello @enduml

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Color a group message

@startuml Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request alt#Gold #LightBlue Successful case Bob -> Alice: Authentication Accepted else #Pink Failure Bob -> Alice: Authentication Rejected end @enduml

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Mainframe

@startuml mainframe This is a **mainframe** Alice->Bob : Hello @enduml

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Slanted or odd arrows

@startuml A ->(10) B: text 10 B ->(10) A: text 10 A ->(10) B: text 10 A (10)<- B: text 10 @enduml

@startuml A ->(40) B++: Rq B -->(20) A--: Rs @enduml

@startuml !pragma teoz true A ->(50) C: Starts\nwhen 'B' sends & B ->(25) C: \nBut B's message\n arrives before A's @enduml

@startuml !pragma teoz true S1 ->(30) S2: msg 1\n & S2 ->(30) S1: msg 2 note left S1: msg\nS2 to S1 & note right S2: msg\nS1 to S2 @enduml

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Parallel messages (with teoz)

@startuml !pragma teoz true Alice -> Bob : hello & Bob -> Charlie : hi @enduml

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Style for Solid Lifeline

By default

@startuml Alice -> Bob : hello ... Alice <- Bob : hello @enduml

Solid Lifeline using style

@startuml <style> lifeLine { LineStyle 0 } delay { LineStyle 1-4 } </style> Alice -> Bob : hello ... Alice <- Bob : hello @enduml