| La forme Backus-Naur étendue (EBNF) est un type de syntaxe formelle utilisée pour spécifier la structure d'un langage de programmation ou d'un autre langage formel. Il s'agit d'une extension de la forme Backus-Naur (BNF), qui a été développée à l'origine par John Backus et Peter Naur pour décrire la syntaxe du langage de programmation Algol. L'EBNF ajoute plusieurs métasymboles supplémentaires aux métasymboles BNF originaux, ce qui permet une spécification plus concise et plus lisible de la syntaxe d'un langage. Elle est couramment utilisée dans la spécification des langages de programmation, et est aussi parfois utilisée pour décrire la syntaxe d'autres types de langages formels, tels que les langages d'interrogation de bases de données ou les langages de balisage. Un support de base pour EBNF a été introduit dans PlantUML. WARNING This translation need to be updated. WARNING 🎉 Copied! 
 | @startebnf
binaryDigit = "0" | "1";
@endebnf
|
EBNF elements handled by PlantUML are described below. 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title All EBNF elements managed by PlantUML
(* Nodes *)
litteral = "a";
special = ? a ?;
rule = a;
(* Edges *)
required = a;
optional = [a];
zero_or_more = {a};
one_or_more = a, {a};
one_or_more_ebnf = {a}-;
zero_or_more_with_separator = [a, {',', a}];
one_or_more_with_separator = a, {',', a};
zero_or_more_with_terminator = {a, ','};
one_or_more_with_terminator = a, ',', {a, ','};
one_or_more_with_terminator_ebnf = {a, ','}-;
alternative = a | b;
group = (a | b) , c;
without_group = a | b , c;
@endebnf
|
You can manage special sequence with special-sequence-symbol "?". 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
(* Example from §8.1 ISO-EBNF *)
h-tab = ? IS0 6429 character Horizontal Tabulation ? ;
new-line = { ? IS0 6429 character Carriage Return ? },
? IS0 6429 character Line Feed ?,
{ ? IS0 6429 character Carriage Return ? };
(* Other possible examples: *)
h-tab = ?Unicode U+0009?;
empty-special = ??;
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-16781] You can manage repetition with repetition-symbol "*". 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
(* Simplified Fortran example *)
Fortran_77_continuation_line = 5 * " ", '[...]', 66 * [character];
(* Minimal test *)
test = 4 * '2';
(* Example of §5.7 Syntactic-factor of ISO EBNF *)
aa = "A";
bb = 3 * aa, "B";
cc = 3 * [aa], "C";
dd = {aa}, "D";
ee = aa, {aa}, "E";
ff = 3 * aa, 3 * [aa], "F";
gg = 3 * {aa}, "D";
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-16750] You can choice the drawing mode, and having a compacted mode by using !pragma compact command. Expanded mode (by default) 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title Expanded mode
zero_or_more = {a};
one_or_more = a, {a};
one_or_more_ebnf = {a}-;
zero_or_more_with_separator = [a, {',', a}];
one_or_more_with_separator = a, {',', a};
zero_or_more_with_terminator = {a, ','};
one_or_more_with_terminator = a, ',', {a, ','};
@endebnf
|
Compacted mode 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
!pragma compact
title Compacted mode
zero_or_more = {a};
one_or_more = a, {a};
one_or_more_ebnf = {a}-;
zero_or_more_with_separator = [a, {',', a}];
one_or_more_with_separator = a, {',', a};
zero_or_more_with_terminator = {a, ','};
one_or_more_with_terminator = a, ',', {a, ','};
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-16692, QA-16529] Notes may be added to elements of your diagram by using EBNF comment tags. 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title Comments
(* Notes for Rule1 *)
Rule1 = {"a-z" (* any letter *) };
(* Notes for Rule2 *)
Rule2 =;
(* Additional notes and references *)
@endebnf
|
Without style (by default) 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title Title
not_styled_ebnf = {"a", c , "a" (* Note on a *)}
| ? special ?
| "repetition", 4 * '2';
(* Global End Note *)
@endebnf
|
With style You can use style to change rendering of elements. 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
<style>
element {
ebnf {
LineColor blue
Fontcolor green
Backgroundcolor palegreen
note {
Backgroundcolor pink
}
}
}
</style>
title Title
styled_ebnf = {"a", c , "a" (* Note on a *)}
| ? special ?
| "repetition", 4 * '2';
(* Global End Note *)
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-16529] LISP Grammar with PlantUML. 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title LISP Grammar
grammars_expression = atomic_symbol | "(", s_expression, ".", s_expression, ")" | list;
list = "(", s_expression, { s_expression }, ")";
atomic_symbol = letter, atom_part;
atom_part = empty | letter, atom_part | number, atom_part;
letter = ? a-z ?;
number = ? 1-9 ?;
empty = " ";
@endebnf
|
[Ref. ] EBNF allows for self description, so here it is! 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
grammar = { rule };
rule = lhs , "=" (* definition *) , rhs , ";" (* termination *);
lhs = identifier ;
rhs = identifier
| terminal
| "[" , rhs (* optional *) , "]"
| "{" , rhs (* repetition *), "}"
| "(" , rhs (* grouping *) , ")"
| "(*" , string (* comment *) , "*)"
| "?" , rhs (* special sequence, aka notation *) , "?"
| rhs , "|" (* alternation *) , rhs
| rhs , "," (* concatenation *), rhs ;
identifier = letter , { letter | digit | "_" } ;
terminal = "'" , character , { character } , "'"
| '"' , character , { character } , '"' ;
character = letter | digit | symbol | "_" ;
symbol = "[" | "]" | "{" | "}" | "(" | ")" | "<" | ">"
| "'" | '"' | "=" | "|" | "." | "," | ";" ;
digit = ? 0-9 ? ;
letter = ? A-Z or a-z ? ;
@endebnf
|
A real world example of a detailed programming language. Packages and Modules 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
CompilationUnit = OrdinaryCompilationUnit | ModularCompilationUnit;
OrdinaryCompilationUnit = [PackageDeclaration], {ImportDeclaration}, {TopLevelClassOrInterfaceDeclaration};
ModularCompilationUnit = {ImportDeclaration}, ModuleDeclaration;
PackageDeclaration = {PackageModifier}, "package", Identifier, {Identifier}, ";";
PackageModifier = Annotation;
ImportDeclaration = SingleTypeImportDeclaration | TypeImportOnDemandDeclaration | SingleStaticImportDeclaration | StaticImportOnDemandDeclaration;
SingleTypeImportDeclaration = "import", TypeName, ";";
TypeImportOnDemandDeclaration = "import", PackageOrTypeName, ".*", ";";
SingleStaticImportDeclaration = "import", "static", TypeName, ".", Identifier, ";";
StaticImportOnDemandDeclaration = "import", "static", TypeName, ".*", ";";
TopLevelClassOrInterfaceDeclaration = (ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration), ";";
ModuleDeclaration = {Annotation}, [open], "module", Identifier, {Identifier}, "{", {ModuleDirective} "}";
ModuleDirective = ("requires", {RequiresModifier}, ModuleName, ";") | ("exports", PackageName, ["to", ModuleName {"," ModuleName}], ";") | ("opens", PackageName, ["to" ModuleName {"," ModuleName}], ";") | ("uses", TypeName, ";") | ("provides", TypeName, "with", TypeName {"," TypeName}, ";");
RequiresModifier = "transitive" | "static";
@endebnf
 |
Lexical Structure 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
Identifier = ?IdentifierChars but not a ReservedKeyword or BooleanLiteral or NullLiteral?;
IdentifierChars = JavaLetter, {JavaLetterOrDigit};
JavaLetter = ? any Unicode character that is a "Java letter" ?;
JavaLetterOrDigit = ? any Unicode character that is a "Java letter-or-digit" ?;
TypeIdentifier = ? Identifier but not permits, record, sealed, var, or yield ?;
UnqualifiedMethodIdentifier = ? Identifier but not yield ?;
Literal = IntegerLiteral | FloatingPointLiteral | BooleanLiteral | CharacterLiteral | StringLiteral | TextBlock | NullLiteral;
@endebnf
|
Types, Values, and Variables 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
Type = PrimitiveType | ReferenceType;
PrimitiveType = [Annotation], (NumericType | boolean );
NumericType = IntegralType | FloatingPointType
IntegralType = "byte" | "short" | "int" | "long" | "char";
FloatingPointType = "float" | "double";
ReferenceType = ClassOrInterfaceType | TypeVariable | ArrayType;
ClassOrInterfaceType = ClassType | InterfaceType
ClassType = {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments];
PackageName = {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments];
ClassOrInterfaceType = {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments];
InterfaceType = ClassType;
TypeVariable = {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier;
ArrayType = (PrimitiveType | ClassOrInterfaceType | TypeVariable), Dims;
Dims= {Annotation}, "[", "]", {{Annotation}, "[", "]"};
TypeParameter = {TypeParameterModifier}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeBound];
TypeParameterModifier = Annotation;
TypeBound = ("extends", TypeVariable) | ("extends" ClassOrInterfaceType {AdditionalBound});
AdditionalBound = "&", InterfaceType;
TypeArguments = "<", TypeArgumentList, ">";
TypeArgumentList = TypeArgument "{", ",", TypeArgument};
TypeArgument = ReferenceType | Wildcard;
Wildcard = {Annotation}, "?", [WildcardBounds];
WildcardBounds = ("extends" | "super"), ReferenceType;
@endebnf
 |
Names 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
ModuleName = Identifier | ( ModuleName, ".", Identifier);
PackageName = Identifier | (PackageName, ".", Identifier);
TypeName = TypeIdentifier | (PackageOrTypeName, ".", TypeIdentifier);
ExpressionName = Identifier | ( AmbiguousName, ".", Identifier);
MethodName = UnqualifiedMethodIdentifier;
PackageOrTypeName = Identifier | (PackageOrTypeName, ".", Identifier);
AmbiguousName = Identifier | (AmbiguousName, ".", Identifier);
@endebnf
|
Classes 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
ClassDeclaration = NormalClassDeclaration | EnumDeclaration | RecordDeclaration;
NormalClassDeclaration = {ClassModifier}, "class", TypeIdentifier, [TypeParameters], [ClassExtends], [ClassImplements], [ClassPermits], ClassBody;
ClassModifier = Annotation | "public" | "protected" | "private" | "abstract" | "static" | "final" | "sealed" | "non-sealed" | "strictfp";
TypeParameters = "<", TypeParameterList, ">";
TypeParameterList = TypeParameter, {",", TypeParameter};
ClassExtends = "extends", ClassType;
ClassImplements = "implements", InterfaceTypeList;
InterfaceTypeList = InterfaceType, {",", InterfaceType};
ClassPermits = "permits", TypeName, {",", TypeName};
ClassBody = "{", {ClassBodyDeclaration}, "}";
ClassBodyDeclaration = ClassMemberDeclaration | InstanceInitializer | StaticInitializer | ConstructorDeclaration;
ClassMemberDeclaration = (FieldDeclaration | MethodDeclaration | ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration), ";";
FieldDeclaration = {FieldModifier}, UnannType, VariableDeclaratorList, ";";
FieldModifier = Annotation | "public" | "protected" | "private" | "static" | "final" | "transient" | "volatile";
VariableDeclaratorList = VariableDeclarator, {",", VariableDeclarator};
VariableDeclarator = VariableDeclaratorId, ["=", VariableInitializer];
VariableDeclaratorId = Identifier, [Dims];
VariableInitializer = Expression | ArrayInitializer;
UnannType = UnannPrimitiveType | UnannReferenceType;
UnannPrimitiveType = NumericType | boolean;
UnannReferenceType = UnannClassOrInterfaceType | UnannTypeVariable | UnannArrayType;
UnannClassOrInterfaceType = UnannClassType | UnannInterfaceType;
UnannClassType = (TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments]) | (PackageName, ".", {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments]) | (UnannClassOrInterfaceType, ".", {Annotation}, TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments]) | (TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments]) | (TypeIdentifier, [TypeArguments]);
UnannInterfaceType = UnannClassType;
UnannTypeVariable = TypeIdentifier;
UnannArrayType = (UnannPrimitiveType, Dims) | (UnannClassOrInterfaceType, Dims) | (UnannTypeVariable, Dims);
MethodDeclaration = {MethodModifier}, MethodHeader, MethodBody;
MethodModifier = Annotation | "public" | "protected" | "private" | "abstract" | "static" | "final" | "synchronized" | "native" | "strictfp";
MethodHeader = (Result, MethodDeclarator, [Throws]) | (TypeParameters, {Annotation}, Result, MethodDeclarator, [Throws]);
Result = UnannType | "void";
MethodDeclarator = Identifier, ( [ ReceiverParameter, "," ], [FormalParameterList] ), [Dims];
ReceiverParameter = {Annotation}, UnannType, [Identifier, "."], "this";
FormalParameterList = FormalParameter, {",", FormalParameter};
FormalParameter = ({VariableModifier}, UnannType, VariableDeclaratorId) | VariableArityParameter;
VariableArityParameter = {VariableModifier}, UnannType, {Annotation}, "...", Identifier;
VariableModifier = Annotation | "final";
Throws = "throws", ExceptionTypeList;
ExceptionTypeList = ExceptionType, {",", ExceptionType};
ExceptionType = ClassType | TypeVariable;
MethodBody = Block | ";";
InstanceInitializer = Block;
StaticInitializer = "static", Block;
ConstructorDeclaration = {ConstructorModifier}, ConstructorDeclarator, [Throws], ConstructorBody;
ConstructorModifier = Annotation | "public" | "protected" | "private";
ConstructorDeclarator = [TypeParameters], SimpleTypeName, ( [ReceiverParameter, ","], [FormalParameterList] );
SimpleTypeName = TypeIdentifier;
ConstructorBody = { [ExplicitConstructorInvocation], [BlockStatements] };
ExplicitConstructorInvocation = ( [TypeArguments], "this", "(", [ArgumentList], ")", ";" ) | ([TypeArguments], "super", "(", [ArgumentList], ")", ";" ) | (ExpressionName, ".", [TypeArguments], "super", "(", [ArgumentList], ")", ";" ) | (Primary, "." [TypeArguments], "super", "(" [ArgumentList], ")", ";";
EnumDeclaration = {ClassModifier}, "enum", TypeIdentifier, [ClassImplements], EnumBody;
EnumBody = "{", [EnumConstantList], [","], [EnumBodyDeclarations], "}";
EnumConstantList = EnumConstant, {",", EnumConstant};
EnumConstant = {EnumConstantModifier}, Identifier, ["(", [ArgumentList], ")"], [ClassBody];
EnumConstantModifier = Annotation;
EnumBodyDeclarations = ";", {ClassBodyDeclaration};
RecordDeclaration = {ClassModifier}, "record", TypeIdentifier, [TypeParameters], RecordHeader, [ClassImplements], RecordBody;
RecordHeader = "(", [RecordComponentList], ")";
RecordComponentList = RecordComponent, {",", RecordComponent};
RecordComponent = (RecordComponentModifier}, UnannType, Identifier) | VariableArityRecordComponent;
VariableArityRecordComponent = {RecordComponentModifier}, UnannType, {Annotation}, "...", Identifier;
RecordComponentModifier = Annotation;
RecordBody = "{", {RecordBodyDeclaration}, "}";
RecordBodyDeclaration = ClassBodyDeclaration | CompactConstructorDeclaration;
CompactConstructorDeclaration = {ConstructorModifier}, SimpleTypeName, ConstructorBody;
@endebnf
 |
Interfaces 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
InterfaceDeclaration = NormalInterfaceDeclaration | AnnotationInterfaceDeclaration;
NormalInterfaceDeclaration = {InterfaceModifier}, "interface", TypeIdentifier, [TypeParameters], [InterfaceExtends], [InterfacePermits], InterfaceBody;
InterfaceModifier = Annotation | "public" | "protected" | "private" | "abstract" | "static" | "sealed" | "non-sealed" | "strictfp";
InterfaceExtends = "extends", InterfaceTypeList;
InterfacePermits = "permits", TypeName, {",", TypeName};
InterfaceBody = "{", {InterfaceMemberDeclaration}, "}";
InterfaceMemberDeclaration = ConstantDeclaration | InterfaceMethodDeclaration | ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration | ";";
ConstantDeclaration = {ConstantModifier}, UnannType, VariableDeclaratorList, ";";
ConstantModifier = Annotation | "public" | "static" | "final";
InterfaceMethodDeclaration = {InterfaceMethodModifier}, MethodHeader, MethodBody;
InterfaceMethodModifier = Annotation | "public" | "private" | "abstract" | "default" | "static" | "strictfp";
AnnotationInterfaceDeclaration = {InterfaceModifier}, "@", "interface", TypeIdentifier, AnnotationInterfaceBody;
AnnotationInterfaceBody = "{", {AnnotationInterfaceMemberDeclaration}, "}";
AnnotationInterfaceMemberDeclaration = AnnotationInterfaceElementDeclaration | ConstantDeclaration | ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration, ";";
AnnotationInterfaceElementDeclaration = {AnnotationInterfaceElementModifier}, UnannType, Identifier, "(", ")", [Dims], [DefaultValue], ";";
AnnotationInterfaceElementModifier = Annotation | "public" | "abstract";
DefaultValue = "default", ElementValue;
Annotation = NormalAnnotation | MarkerAnnotation | SingleElementAnnotation;
NormalAnnotation = "@", TypeName, "(", [ElementValuePairList], ")";
ElementValuePairList = ElementValuePair, {",", ElementValuePair};
ElementValuePair = Identifier, "=", ElementValue;
ElementValue = ConditionalExpression | ElementValueArrayInitializer | Annotation;
ElementValueArrayInitializer = "{", [ElementValueList], [","], "}";
ElementValueList = ElementValue, {",", ElementValue};
MarkerAnnotation = "@", TypeName;
SingleElementAnnotation = "@", TypeName, "(", ElementValue, ")";
@endebnf
 |
Arrays 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
ArrayInitializer = "{", [VariableInitializerList], [","], "}";
VariableInitializerList = VariableInitializer, {",", VariableInitializer};
@endebnf
|
Blocks, Statements, and Patterns 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
Block = "{", [BlockStatements], "}";
BlockStatements = BlockStatement, {BlockStatement};
BlockStatement = LocalClassOrInterfaceDeclaration | LocalVariableDeclarationStatement | Statement;
LocalClassOrInterfaceDeclaration = ClassDeclaration | NormalInterfaceDeclaration;
LocalVariableDeclarationStatement = LocalVariableDeclaration, ";";
LocalVariableDeclaration = {VariableModifier}, LocalVariableType, VariableDeclaratorList;
LocalVariableType = UnannType | "var";
Statement = StatementWithoutTrailingSubstatement | LabeledStatement | IfThenStatement | IfThenElseStatement | WhileStatement | ForStatement;
StatementNoShortIf = StatementWithoutTrailingSubstatement | LabeledStatementNoShortIf | IfThenElseStatementNoShortIf | WhileStatementNoShortIf | ForStatementNoShortIf;
StatementWithoutTrailingSubstatement = Block | EmptyStatement | ExpressionStatement | AssertStatement | SwitchStatement | DoStatement | BreakStatement | ContinueStatement | ReturnStatement | SynchronizedStatement | ThrowStatement | TryStatement | YieldStatement
EmptyStatement = ";";
LabeledStatement = Identifier, ":", Statement;
LabeledStatementNoShortIf = Identifier, ":", StatementNoShortIf;
ExpressionStatement = StatementExpression, ";";
StatementExpression = Assignment | PreIncrementExpression | PreDecrementExpression | PostIncrementExpression | PostDecrementExpression | MethodInvocation | ClassInstanceCreationExpression;
IfThenStatement = "if", "(", Expression, ")", Statement;
IfThenElseStatement = "if", "(", Expression, ")", StatementNoShortIf, "else", Statement;
IfThenElseStatementNoShortIf = "if", "(", Expression, ")", StatementNoShortIf, "else", StatementNoShortIf;
AssertStatement = ("assert", Expression, ";") | ("assert", Expression, ":", Expression, ";");
SwitchStatement = "switch", "(", Expression, ")", SwitchBlock;
SwitchBlock = ( "{", SwitchRule, {SwitchRule}, "}" ) | ( "{", {SwitchBlockStatementGroup}, {SwitchLabel, ":"}, "}" );
SwitchRule = (SwitchLabel, "->", Expression, ";") |(SwitchLabel, "->", Block) | (SwitchLabel, "->", ThrowStatement);
SwitchBlockStatementGroup = SwitchLabel, ":", {SwitchLabel, ":"}, BlockStatements;
SwitchLabel = ("case", CaseConstant, {",", CaseConstant}) | "default";
CaseConstant = ConditionalExpression;
WhileStatement = "while", "(", Expression, ")", Statement;
WhileStatementNoShortIf = "while", "(", Expression, ")", StatementNoShortIf;
DoStatement = "do", Statement, "while", "(", Expression, ")", ";";
ForStatement = BasicForStatement | EnhancedForStatement | ForStatementNoShortIf | BasicForStatementNoShortIf | EnhancedForStatementNoShortIf;
BasicForStatement = "for", "(", [ForInit], ";", [Expression], ";", [ForUpdate], ")", Statement;
BasicForStatementNoShortIf = "for", "(", [ForInit], ";", [Expression], ";", [ForUpdate], ")", StatementNoShortIf;
ForInit = StatementExpressionList | LocalVariableDeclaration;
ForUpdate = StatementExpressionList;
StatementExpressionList = StatementExpression, {",", StatementExpression};
EnhancedForStatement = "for", "(", LocalVariableDeclaration, ":", Expression, ")", Statement;
EnhancedForStatementNoShortIf = "for", "(", LocalVariableDeclaration, ":", Expression, ")", StatementNoShortIf;
BreakStatement = break, [Identifier], ";";
YieldStatement = "yield", Expression, ";";
ContinueStatement = "continue", [Identifier], ";";
ReturnStatement = "return" [Expression], ";";
ThrowStatement = "throw", Expression, ";";
SynchronizedStatement = "synchronized", "(", Expression, ")", Block;
TryStatement = ("try", Block, Catches) | ("try", Block, [Catches], Finally ) | TryWithResourcesStatement;
Catches = CatchClause, {CatchClause};
CatchClause = "catch", "(", CatchFormalParameter, ")", Block;
CatchFormalParameter = {VariableModifier}, CatchType, VariableDeclaratorId;
CatchType = UnannClassType, {"|", ClassType};
Finally = "finally", Block;
TryWithResourcesStatement = "try", ResourceSpecification, Block, [Catches], [Finally];
ResourceSpecification = "(", ResourceList, [";"], ")";
ResourceList = Resource, {";", Resource};
Resource = LocalVariableDeclaration | VariableAccess;
Pattern = TypePattern;
TypePattern = LocalVariableDeclaration;
(* Expressions *)
Primary = PrimaryNoNewArray | ArrayCreationExpression;
PrimaryNoNewArray = Literal | ClassLiteral | "this" | (TypeName, ".", "this") | ( "(", Expression, ")" ) | ClassInstanceCreationExpression | FieldAccess | ArrayAccess | MethodInvocation | MethodReference;
ClassLiteral = (TypeName, { "[", "]" }, ".", "class") | (NumericType, {"[", "]"}, ".", "class") | ("boolean", {"[", "]"}, ".", "class") | ("void", ".", "class");
ClassInstanceCreationExpression = UnqualifiedClassInstanceCreationExpression | (ExpressionName, ".", UnqualifiedClassInstanceCreationExpression) |(Primary, ".", UnqualifiedClassInstanceCreationExpression);
UnqualifiedClassInstanceCreationExpression = "new", [TypeArguments], ClassOrInterfaceTypeToInstantiate, "(", [ArgumentList], ")", [ClassBody];
ClassOrInterfaceTypeToInstantiate = {Annotation}, Identifier, {".", {Annotation}, Identifier}, [TypeArgumentsOrDiamond];
TypeArgumentsOrDiamond = TypeArguments | ("<",">");
ArrayCreationExpression = ArrayCreationExpressionWithoutInitializer | ArrayCreationExpressionWithInitializer;
ArrayCreationExpressionWithoutInitializer = ("new", PrimitiveType, DimExprs, [Dims]) | ("new", ClassOrInterfaceType, DimExprs, [Dims]);
ArrayCreationExpressionWithInitializer = ("new", PrimitiveType, Dims, ArrayInitializer) | ("new", ClassOrInterfaceType, Dims, ArrayInitializer);
DimExprs = DimExpr, {DimExpr};
DimExpr = ({Annotation}, [ Expression ]) | (ArrayAccess, "=", ExpressionName, "[", Expression, "]") | (PrimaryNoNewArray, "[", Expression, "]") | (ArrayCreationExpressionWithInitializer, "[", Expression, "]");
FieldAccess = (Primary, ".", Identifier), ("super", ".", Identifier), (TypeName, ".", super, ".", Identifier);
MethodInvocation = (MethodName, "(", [ArgumentList], ")") | (TypeName, ".", [TypeArguments], Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")") | (ExpressionName, ".", [TypeArguments], Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")") | (Primary, ".", [TypeArguments], Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")") | ("super", ".", [TypeArguments], Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")") | (TypeName, ".", "super", ".", [TypeArguments], Identifier, "(", [ArgumentList], ")");
ArgumentList = Expression, {",", Expression};
MethodReference = (ExpressionName, "::", [TypeArguments], Identifier) | (Primary, "::", [TypeArguments], Identifier) | (ReferenceType, "::", [TypeArguments], Identifier) | ("super", "::", [TypeArguments], Identifier) | (TypeName, ".", super, "::", [TypeArguments], Identifier) | (ClassType, "::", [TypeArguments], "new") | (ArrayType, "::", "new");
Expression = LambdaExpression | AssignmentExpression;
LambdaExpression = LambdaParameters, "->", LambdaBody;
LambdaParameters = ("(", [LambdaParameterList], ")") | Identifier;
LambdaParameterList = (LambdaParameter, {",", LambdaParameter}) | (Identifier, {",", Identifier});
LambdaParameter = ({VariableModifier}, LambdaParameterType, VariableDeclaratorId) | VariableArityParameter;
LambdaParameterType = UnannType | "var";
LambdaBody = Expression | Block;
AssignmentExpression = ConditionalExpression | Assignment;
Assignment = LeftHandSide | AssignmentOperator | Expression;
LeftHandSide = ExpressionName | FieldAccess | ArrayAccess;
AssignmentOperator = "=" | "*=" | "/=" | "%=" | "+=" | "-=" | "<<=" | ">>=" | ">>>=" | "&=" | "^=" | "|=";
ConditionalExpression = ConditionalOrExpression | (ConditionalOrExpression, "?", Expression, ":", ConditionalExpression) | (ConditionalOrExpression, "?", Expression, ":", LambdaExpression);
ConditionalOrExpression = ConditionalAndExpression | (ConditionalOrExpression, "||", ConditionalAndExpression);
ConditionalAndExpression = InclusiveOrExpression | (ConditionalAndExpression, "&&", InclusiveOrExpression);
InclusiveOrExpression = ExclusiveOrExpression | (InclusiveOrExpression, "|", ExclusiveOrExpression);
ExclusiveOrExpression = AndExpression | (ExclusiveOrExpression, "^", AndExpression);
AndExpression = EqualityExpression, (AndExpression, "&", EqualityExpression) | (EqualityExpression, "=", RelationalExpression) | (EqualityExpression, "==", RelationalExpression) | (EqualityExpression, "!=", RelationalExpression);
RelationalExpression = ShiftExpression | (RelationalExpression, "<", ShiftExpression) | (RelationalExpression, ">", ShiftExpression) | (RelationalExpression, "<=", ShiftExpression) | (RelationalExpression, ">=", ShiftExpression) | (InstanceofExpression);
InstanceofExpression = (RelationalExpression, "instanceof", ReferenceType) | (RelationalExpression, "instanceof", Pattern);
ShiftExpression = AdditiveExpression | (ShiftExpression, "<<", AdditiveExpression) | (ShiftExpression, ">>", AdditiveExpression) | (ShiftExpression, ">>>", AdditiveExpression);
AdditiveExpression = MultiplicativeExpression | (AdditiveExpression, "+", MultiplicativeExpression) | (AdditiveExpression, "-", MultiplicativeExpression);
MultiplicativeExpression = UnaryExpression | (MultiplicativeExpression, "*", UnaryExpression) | (MultiplicativeExpression, "/", UnaryExpression) | (MultiplicativeExpression, "%", UnaryExpression);
UnaryExpression = PreIncrementExpression | PreDecrementExpression | ("+", UnaryExpression) | ("-", UnaryExpression) | UnaryExpressionNotPlusMinus;
PreIncrementExpression = "++", UnaryExpression;
PreDecrementExpression = "--", UnaryExpression;
UnaryExpressionNotPlusMinus = PostfixExpression | ("~", UnaryExpression) | ("!", UnaryExpression) | CastExpression | SwitchExpression;
PostfixExpression = Primary | ExpressionName | PostIncrementExpression | PostDecrementExpression;
PostIncrementExpression = PostfixExpression, "++";
PostDecrementExpression = PostfixExpression, "--";
CastExpression = ("(", PrimitiveType, ")", UnaryExpression) | ("(", ReferenceType, {AdditionalBound}, ")", UnaryExpressionNotPlusMinus) | ("(", ReferenceType, {AdditionalBound}, ")", LambdaExpression);
SwitchExpression = "switch", "(", Expression, ")", SwitchBlock;
ConstantExpression = Expression;
@endebnf
 |
Always observed on 2023-04-28Could you put 'arrow head' on all rerouted lines? 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title Could you put 'arrow head' on all rerouted lines?
test = [1], [12], [123], [1234];
@endebnf
|
No Ref.Order issue 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
a = (one, two), three;
b = (one (* 1 *), two (* 2 *)), three (* 3 *);
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-17090]Allow accentuated or Unicode char on EBNF meta-identifier or rule name. 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
(* Test of accentuated or Unicode char*)
alt = été | hiver;
hiver = 'froid';
été = 'chaud';
@endebnf
|
[Ref. QA-17145] Allow full restriction management with except-symbol "-" 🎉 Copied!
| @startebnf
title First [modified] example of §5.8 Syntactic-term of ISO-EBNF
letter = ? "A" - "Z" ?;
vowel = "A" | "E" | "I" | "O" | "U";
consonant = letter - vowel;
@endebnf
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[Ref. QA-16735] | |
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