PlantUML Language specification Activity Diagram (beta)

       

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活动图

• 文本输入，图形输出。 自上而下描述流程，包括分支和循环。
• 自上而下阅读。 文本中的顺序就是图中的顺序。
• 易于重组。 调整步骤顺序或添加分支，只需编辑文本，无需重画。

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简单的行动

@startuml :Hello world; :This is defined on several **lines**; @enduml

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Other simple action (defined as a list)

Simple action list separated by -

@startuml - Action 1 - Action 2 - Action 3 @enduml

Simple action list separated by *

With one level

@startuml * Action 1 * Action 2 * Action 3 @enduml

With several levels

@startuml <style> element {MinimumWidth 150} </style> * Action 1 ** Sub-Action 1.1 ** Sub-Action 1.2 *** Sub-Action 1.2.1 *** Sub-Action 1.2.2 * Action 2 @enduml

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开始/停止/结束

@startuml start :Hello world; :This is defined on several **lines**; stop @enduml

@startuml start :Hello world; :This is defined on several **lines**; end @enduml

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条件

• if (...) then (...)

@startuml start if (Graphviz installed?) then (yes) :process all\ndiagrams; else (no) :process only __sequence__ and __activity__ diagrams; endif stop @enduml

• if (...) is (...) then

@startuml if (color?) is (<color:red>red) then :print red; else :print not red; @enduml

• if (...) equals (...) then

@startuml if (counter?) equals (5) then :print 5; else :print not 5; @enduml

几个测试（水平模式）

@startuml start if (condition A) then (yes) :Text 1; elseif (condition B) then (yes) :Text 2; stop (no) elseif (condition C) then (yes) :Text 3; (no) elseif (condition D) then (yes) :Text 4; else (nothing) :Text else; endif stop @enduml

几个测试（垂直模式）

@startuml !pragma useVerticalIf on start if (condition A) then (yes) :Text 1; elseif (condition B) then (yes) :Text 2; stop elseif (condition C) then (yes) :Text 3; elseif (condition D) then (yes) :Text 4; else (nothing) :Text else; endif stop @enduml

java -jar plantuml.jar -PuseVerticalIf=on

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Switch判断 [switch, case, endswitch]

@startuml start switch (测试?) case ( 条件 A ) :Text 1; case ( 条件 B ) :Text 2; case ( 条件 C ) :Text 3; case ( 条件 D ) :Text 4; case ( 条件 E ) :Text 5; endswitch stop @enduml

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条件判断和终止 [kill, detach]

@startuml if (条件?) then :错误; stop endif #palegreen:行为; @enduml

• kill

@startuml if (条件?) then #pink:错误; kill endif #palegreen:行为; @enduml

• detach

@startuml if (条件?) then #pink:错误; detach endif #palegreen:行为; @enduml

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重复循环

@startuml start repeat :读取数据; :生成图片; repeat while (更多数据?) stop @enduml

@startuml start repeat :foo作为开始标注; :读取数据; :生成图片; backward:这是一个后撤行为; repeat while (更多数据?) stop @enduml

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打断循环 [break]

@startuml start repeat :测试某事; if (发生错误?) then (没有) #palegreen:好的; break endif ->not ok; :弹窗 "文本过长错误"; repeat while (某事发生文本过长错误?) is (是的) not (不是) ->//合并步骤//; :弹窗 "成功！"; stop @enduml

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Goto和标签处理 [label, goto]

• label <label_name>
• goto <label_name>

@startuml title Point two queries to same activity\nwith `goto` start if (Test Question?) then (yes) 'space label only for alignment label sp_lab0 label sp_lab1 'real label label lab :shared; else (no) if (Second Test Question?) then (yes) label sp_lab2 goto sp_lab1 else :nonShared; endif endif :merge; @enduml

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while循环

@startuml start while (data available?) :read data; :generate diagrams; endwhile stop @enduml

@startuml while (check filesize ?) is (not empty) :read file; endwhile (empty) :close file; @enduml

@startuml :Step 1; if (condition1) then while (loop forever) :Step 2; endwhile -[hidden]-> detach else :end normally; stop endif @enduml

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并行处理 [fork, fork again, end fork, end merge]

fork 示例

@startuml start fork :行为 1; fork again :行为 2; end fork stop @enduml

fork 和合并示例

@startuml start fork :行为 1; fork again :行为 2; end merge stop @enduml

@startuml start fork :行为 1; fork again :行为 2; fork again :行为 3; fork again :行为 4; end merge stop @enduml

@startuml start fork :行为 1; fork again :行为 2; end end merge stop @enduml

end fork 标注 (或 UML 连接规范):

@startuml start fork :行为 A; fork again :行为 B; end fork {或} stop @enduml

@startuml start fork :行为 A; fork again :行为 B; end fork {和} stop @enduml

其他示例

@startuml start if (多进程处理?) then (是) fork :进程 1; fork again :进程 2; end fork else (否) :逻辑 1; :逻辑 2; endif @enduml

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分割处理

分割

@startuml start split :A; split again :B; split again :C; split again :a; :b; end split :D; end @enduml

输入分割 (多个入口)

@startuml split -[hidden]-> :A; split again -[hidden]-> :B; split again -[hidden]-> :C; end split :D; @enduml

@startuml split -[hidden]-> :A; split again -[hidden]-> :a; :b; split again -[hidden]-> (Z) end split :D; @enduml

输出分割 (多个结束点)

@startuml start split :A; kill split again :B; detach split again :C; kill end split @enduml

@startuml start split :A; kill split again :b; :c; detach split again (Z) detach split again end split again stop end split @enduml

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注释

@startuml start :foo1; floating note left: This is a note :foo2; note right This note is on several //lines// and can contain <b>HTML</b> ==== * Calling the method ""foo()"" is prohibited end note stop @enduml

@startuml start repeat :Enter data; :Submit; backward :Warning; note right: Note repeat while (Valid?) is (No) not (Yes) stop @enduml

@startuml start partition "**process** HelloWorld" { note This is my note ---- //Creole test// end note :Ready; :HelloWorld(i)> :Hello-Sent; } @enduml

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改变颜色

@startuml start :开始处理; #HotPink:读取配置文件 这些文件应该在此处编辑; #AAAAAA:结束处理; @enduml

@startuml start partition #red/white test分片 { #blue\green:test活动; } @enduml

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无箭头连接线

@startuml skinparam ArrowHeadColor none start :Hello world; :This is on defined on several **lines**; stop @enduml

@startuml skinparam ArrowHeadColor none start repeat :Enter data; :Submit; backward :Warning; repeat while (Valid?) is (No) not (Yes) stop @enduml

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箭头

@startuml :foo1; -> You can put text on arrows; if (test) then -[#blue]-> :foo2; -[#green,dashed]-> The text can also be on several lines and **very** long...; :foo3; else -[#black,dotted]-> :foo4; endif -[#gray,bold]-> :foo5; @enduml

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Simple colored arrow [link]

@startuml :a; link #blue :b; @enduml

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Multiple colored arrow

@startuml skinparam colorArrowSeparationSpace 1 start -[#red;#green;#orange;#blue]-> if(a?)then(yes) -[#red]-> :activity; -[#red]-> if(c?)then(yes) -[#maroon,dashed]-> else(no) -[#red]-> if(b?)then(yes) -[#maroon,dashed]-> else(no) -[#blue,dashed;dotted]-> :do a; -[#red]-> :do b; -[#red]-> endif -[#red;#maroon,dashed]-> endif -[#red;#maroon,dashed]-> elseif(e?)then(yes) -[#green]-> if(c?)then(yes) -[#maroon,dashed]-> else(no) -[#green]-> if(d?)then(yes) -[#maroon,dashed]-> else(no) -[#green]-> :do something; <<continuous>> -[#green]-> endif -[#green;#maroon,dashed]-> partition dummy { :some function; } -[#green;#maroon,dashed]-> endif -[#green;#maroon,dashed]-> elseif(f?)then(yes) -[#orange]-> :activity; <<continuous>> -[#orange]-> else(no) -[#blue,dashed;dotted]-> endif stop @enduml

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连接器(Connector)

@startuml start :Some activity; (A) detach (A) :Other activity; @enduml

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连接器颜色

@startuml start :下面的连接器 应该是蓝色; #blue:(B) :下一个连接器应该 看起来应该是 深绿色; #green:(G) stop @enduml

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组合(grouping)

@startuml start group 初始化分组 :read config file; :init internal variable; end group group 运行分组 :wait for user interaction; :print information; end group stop @enduml

分区

@startuml start partition 初始化分区 { :read config file; :init internal variable; } partition 运行分区 { :wait for user interaction; :print information; } stop @enduml

@startuml start partition #lightGreen "Input Interface" { :read config file; :init internal variable; } partition Running { :wait for user interaction; :print information; } stop @enduml

@startuml start partition "[[http://plantuml.com partition_name]]" { :read doc. on [[http://plantuml.com plantuml_website]]; :test diagram; } end @enduml

分组, 分区, 包, 矩形 或 卡片式

• group;
• partition;
• package;
• rectangle;
• card.

@startuml start group 分组 :Activity; end group floating note: 分组备注 partition 分区 { :Activity; } floating note: 分区备注 package 包 { :Activity; } floating note: 包备注 rectangle 矩形 { :Activity; } floating note: 矩形备注 card 卡片式 { :Activity; } floating note: 卡片式备注 end @enduml

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泳道(Swimlanes)

@startuml |Swimlane1| start :foo1; |#AntiqueWhite|Swimlane2| :foo2; :foo3; |Swimlane1| :foo4; |Swimlane2| :foo5; stop @enduml

@startuml |#pink|Actor_For_red| start if (color?) is (red) then #pink:**action red**; :foo1; else (not red) |#lightgray|Actor_For_no_red| #lightgray:**action not red**; :foo2; endif |Next_Actor| #lightblue:foo3; :foo4; |Final_Actor| #palegreen:foo5; stop @enduml

• |[#<color>|]<swimlane_alias>| <swimlane_title>

@startuml |#palegreen|f| fisherman |c| cook |#gold|e| eater |f| start :go fish; |c| :fry fish; |e| :eat fish; stop @enduml

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分离(detach)

• detach

@startuml :start; fork :foo1; :foo2; fork again :foo3; detach endfork if (foo4) then :foo5; detach endif :foo6; detach :foo7; stop @enduml

• kill

@startuml :start; fork :foo1; :foo2; fork again :foo3; kill endfork if (foo4) then :foo5; kill endif :foo6; kill :foo7; stop @enduml

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Emoji as action (with icon stereotype)

@startuml while (<:cloud_with_rain:>) :<:umbrella:>; <<icon>> endwhile -<<icon>><:closed_umbrella:> @enduml

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SDL（规范和描述语言）

SDL 形状名称表

SDL using final separator (Deprecated form)

• |
• <
• >
• /
• \\
• ]
• }

@startuml :Ready; :next(o)| :Receiving; split :nak(i)< :ack(o)> split again :ack(i)< :next(o) on several lines| :i := i + 1] :ack(o)> split again :err(i)< :nak(o)> split again :foo/ split again :bar\\ split again :i > 5} stop end split :finish; @enduml

使用正态分隔符和立体原型的 SDL（当前正式形式）

@startuml start :SDL Shape; :input; <<input>> :output; <<output>> :procedure; <<procedure>> :load; <<load>> :save; <<save>> :continuous; <<continuous>> :task; <<task>> end @enduml

@startuml :Ready; :next(o); <<procedure>> :Receiving; split :nak(i); <<input>> :ack(o); <<output>> split again :ack(i); <<input>> :next(o) on several lines; <<procedure>> :i := i + 1; <<task>> :ack(o); <<output>> split again :err(i); <<input>> :nak(o); <<output>> split again :foo; <<save>> split again :bar; <<load>> split again :i > 5; <<continuous>> stop end split :finish; @enduml

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UML (Unified Modeling Language) Shape (with UML stereotype)

Table of UML Shape Name

UML Shape Example using Stereotype

@startuml :action; :object; <<object>> :ObjectNode typed by signal; <<objectSignal>> :AcceptEventAction without TimeEvent trigger; <<acceptEvent>> :SendSignalAction; <<sendSignal>> :SendObjectAction with signal type; <<sendSignal>> :Trigger; <<trigger>> :\t\t\t\t\t\tAcceptEventAction \t\t\t\t\t\twith TimeEvent trigger; <<timeEvent>> :an action; @enduml

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一个完整的例子

@startuml start :ClickServlet.handleRequest(); :new page; if (Page.onSecurityCheck) then (true) :Page.onInit(); if (isForward?) then (no) :Process controls; if (continue processing?) then (no) stop endif if (isPost?) then (yes) :Page.onPost(); else (no) :Page.onGet(); endif :Page.onRender(); endif else (false) endif if (do redirect?) then (yes) :redirect process; else if (do forward?) then (yes) :Forward request; else (no) :Render page template; endif endif stop @enduml

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判断的样式

inside 样式 (默认)

@startuml skinparam conditionStyle inside start repeat :act1; :act2; repeatwhile (<b>end) :act3; @enduml

@startuml start repeat :act1; :act2; repeatwhile (<b>end) :act3; @enduml

Diamond 样式

@startuml skinparam conditionStyle diamond start repeat :act1; :act2; repeatwhile (<b>end) :act3; @enduml

InsideDiamond (或 Foo1) 样式

@startuml skinparam conditionStyle InsideDiamond start repeat :act1; :act2; repeatwhile (<b>end) :act3; @enduml

@startuml skinparam conditionStyle foo1 start repeat :act1; :act2; repeatwhile (<b>end) :act3; @enduml

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判断的结束样式

Diamond 样式 (默认)

• With one branch

@startuml skinparam ConditionEndStyle diamond :A; if (decision) then (yes) :B1; else (no) endif :C; @enduml

• 两个分支 (B1, B2)

@startuml skinparam ConditionEndStyle diamond :A; if (decision) then (yes) :B1; else (no) :B2; endif :C; @enduml @enduml

水平线 (hline) 样式

• 一个分

@startuml skinparam ConditionEndStyle hline :A; if (decision) then (yes) :B1; else (no) endif :C; @enduml

• 两个分支 (B1, B2)

@startuml skinparam ConditionEndStyle hline :A; if (decision) then (yes) :B1; else (no) :B2; endif :C; @enduml @enduml

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使用 sytle 定义 (全局) 样式

无样式 (默认)

@startuml start :init; -> test of color; if (color?) is (<color:red>red) then :print red; else :print not red; note right: no color endif partition End { :end; } -> this is the end; end @enduml

有样式

@startuml <style> activityDiagram { BackgroundColor #33668E BorderColor #33668E FontColor #888 FontName arial diamond { BackgroundColor #ccf LineColor #00FF00 FontColor green FontName arial FontSize 15 } arrow { FontColor gold FontName arial FontSize 15 } partition { LineColor red FontColor green RoundCorner 10 BackgroundColor PeachPuff } note { FontColor Blue LineColor Navy BackgroundColor #ccf } } document { BackgroundColor transparent } </style> start :init; -> test of color; if (color?) is (<color:red>red) then :print red; else :print not red; note right: no color endif partition End { :end; } -> this is the end; end @enduml

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Creole on Activity

@startuml :Creole: wave: ~~wave~~ bold: **bold** italics: //italics// monospaced: ""monospaced"" stricken-out: --stricken-out-- underlined: __underlined__ not-underlined: ~__not underlined__ wave-underlined: ~~wave-underlined~~; :HTML Creole: bold: <b>bold italics: <i>italics monospaced: <font:monospaced>monospaced stroked: <s>stroked underlined: <u>underlined waved: <w>waved green-stroked: <s:green>stroked red-underlined: <u:red>underlined blue-waved: <w:#0000FF>waved Blue: <color:blue>Blue Orange: <back:orange>Orange background big: <size:20>big; :Graphic: OpenIconic: account-login <&account-login> Unicode: This is <U+221E> long Emoji: <:calendar:> Calendar Image: <img:https://plantuml.com/logo3.png>; @enduml